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The use of physiological characters as selection criteria in salt tolerance breeding requires the identification of the contribution each individual character makes to salt tolerance. Rice genotypes were evaluated for salt tolerance in terms of grain yield and physiological characters. Plants of twelve genotypes were grown in sand tanks in a greenhouse and irrigated with Yoshida nutrient solution...
Cytoplasmic male sterile (CMS) plants were obtained by asymmetrical protoplast fusion between red cabbage (fertile) and normal radish (fertile). The CMS plants showed restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) patterns of mitochondrial (mt) DNA that were different from those of both parental lines. PCR analysis of mtDNA of the CMS plants and though Southern blot analysis showed that the mtDNA...
Molecular breeding is becoming more practical as better technology emerges. The use of molecular markers in plant breeding for indirect selection of important traits can favorably impact breeding efficiency. The purpose of this research is to identify quantitative trait loci (QTL) on molecular linkage groups (MLG) which are associated with seed protein concentration, seed oil concentration, seed size,...
A set of 23 Quality Protein Maize (QPM) lines, including 13 lines developed in India and 10 lines at CIMMYT (International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center), Mexico, was analyzed using microsatellite or simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers. Polymorphic profiles for 36 SSR loci have aided in differentiating the QPM inbred lines. The study resulted in identification of SSR markers, such as bnlg439...
Narrow intraspecific variation for sugar content in pepino (Solanum muricatum Aiton) hinders the development of new pepino cultivars with improved fruit quality. However, some wild related species have high soluble solids concentration (SSC) and titratable acidity (TA). Generation means analysis was used to estimate genetic parameters for SSC, TA and ascorbic acid concentration (AAC) in two families...
The role of energy reserves in development of winter hardiness was examined in timothy (Phleum pratense L.), orchardgrass (Dactylis glomerata L.) and perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) through periodically measuring etiolated growth (EG; shoot growth of crown under dark, warm and humid conditions following defoliation) and determining sugar profiles at critical stages of hardening and wintering...
Genetic variation among five elite winter barley cultivars (H. vulgare L.) currently grown in Bulgaria was assessed at the molecular level using restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) and randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers. The present study sampled RFLPs in four well characterized multigene families in barley: the seed storage protein loci; the 18S, 5.8S and 26S ribosomal...
The chlorophyll a:b ratio of chlorina mutants is much higher than that of wild type plants. Physical mapping of the chlorina mutant loci (cn-A1, cn-B1 and cn-D1) of common wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and durum wheat (T. turgidum L.) was carried out with partial deletion lines of Chinese Spring(CS) of the long arms of homoeologous group7 chromosomes. F1 plants of partial deletion lines with near-isogenic...
The Commonwealth Potato Collection contains 77 species following the incorporation of the personal collection of Professor JG Hawkes. The material originates from several expeditions to the Americas and represents a potentially valuable source of resistance to pests and pathogens, including potato cyst nematodes (PCN). The germplasm from the Hawkes collection screened in this study included taxa mainly...
Fluorochrome staining with chromomycin A3(CMA) was used to characterize and compare the CMA banding patterns of chromosomes in 17 accessions of mandarins (Citrus spp.). All accessions had 2n = 18 chromosomes. These chromosomes were classified into six types based on the number and position of CMA positive bands; A: two telomeric and one proximal band, B: one telomeric and one proximal band, C: two...
Transgene integration, inheritance and expression were studied in six transgenic wheat (Triticum aestivum) lines produced by co-bombardment with two plasmids containing marker genes and genes encoding HMW subunits of wheat glutenin, respectively. Transgene insertion number ranged from 1 to approximately 15. Within a transgenic locus the majority of plasmid copies were found at dispersed genomic sites...
Heritability of flowering and leafing date of pistachio (Pistacia vera L.) were estimated based on half-sib family and parent-offspring regression analyses. Narrow sense heritabilities of flowering date ranged from 0.68 to 0.88 based on half-sib analyses and from 0.89 to 0.95 based on parent-offspring regression analyses. The narrow sense heritability of leafing date was 0.75 based on half-sib analyses...
Barley yellow dwarf virus (BYDV) is one of the most important plant viruses in the world. Two sources of resistance to BYDV derived from Thinopyrum intermedium were compared in wheat backgrounds. A source of resistance was confirmed in the partial amphiploid TAF46, the group 7 addition line L1, and translocation TC14. The other source of resistance derives from the partial amphiploid Zhong 5 and is...
Leaf rust resistance gene Lr34 is known to confer slow rusting resistance in wheat (Triticum aestivum). We conducted greenhouse experiments to evaluate the effect this gene had on three components (latent period, uredinium size and receptivity) of slow rusting resistance at seven plant growth stages of the Lr34 near-isogenic lines Jupateco 73R and Jupateco 73S at three temperatures (13, 18 and 23...
Cucurbita moschata cv. Nigerian Local has been used as a source of resistance to Zucchini yellow mosaic virus (ZYMV), Watermelon mosaic virus (WMV), Papaya ringspot virus W (PRSV-W) and Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) in breeding both Cucurbita moschata and Cucurbita pepo. We used the F1, F2 and BC1 generations derived from the cross C.-moschata cv. Waltham Butternut × Nigerian Local to study...
Randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers were used for the identification of two pigeonpea cytoplasmic genic male sterile (CMS) lines derived from crosses between the wild (Cajanus scarabaeoides & C. sericeus) and the cultivated species of Cajanus cajan. The male sterile (A) line and its maintainer (B) line could be easily differentiated with certain random primers. The two male sterile...
The applicability of ovule culture was examined in reciprocal crosses between the diploid species D. grandiflorum L. and the tetraploid cultivar D. hybridum ‘Galahad’. An interspecific hybrid plant of D. hybridum ‘Galahad’ × D. grandiflorum was obtained,and hybridity was confirmed by chromosome counting. The hybrid was different from the parents in flower color and size but intermediate between the...
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